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Dandruff is small white flakes that form on the scalp and can cause itching. It is a dermatological condition that affects many people and can be caused by irritated skin, a sensitive and dry scalp, seborrhoeic dermatitis (oily dandruff), sensitivity, diseases such as psoriasis, etc. An overgrowth of the Malassezia furfur fungus is also often involved in the problem. It is not a serious issue but it can be annoying and persistent.
In the case of seborrhoeic dermatitis, it is usually worsened by stress or cold and dry seasons. Factors that are also involved are age (more frequent in middle age), in men (higher incidence) and certain debilitating diseases.
The most common cosmetics that are usually effective in managing dandruff are specific anti-dandruff shampoos. Getting adequate advice is recommended before choosing a specific product, depending on the type of scalp (oily, dry, sensitive, etc.) and the degree of affectation and the most useful ingredients that can be recommended for each type of flaking. I usually recommend alternating the use of a treatment shampoo with another very mild shampoo that balances the scalp. In general, it should be used for at least a month. The hair care routine can be complemented with hair lotions, ampoules, serums and masks.
If the problem persists or worsens, consult your dermatologist.